for the year ended 30 June 2024 18 that the intangible asset may be impaired. The amortisation period and the amortisation method for an intangible asset with a finite useful life is reviewed at least at each financial year-end. Changes in the expected useful life of the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits embodied in the asset are accounted for prospectively by changing the amortisation period or method, as appropriate, which is a change in accounting estimate. The amortisation expense on intangible assets with finite lives is recognised in profit or loss in the expense category consistent with the function of the intangible asset. Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for impairment annually either individually or at the cash-generating unit level consistent with the methodology outlined for goodwill above. Such intangibles are not amortised. The useful life of an intangible asset with an indefinite life is reviewed each reporting period to determine whether indefinite life assessment continues to be supportable. If not, the change in the useful life assessment from indefinite to finite is accounted for as a change in an accounting estimate and is thus accounted for on a prospective basis. IMPAIRMENT OF NON-FINANCIAL ASSETS OTHER THAN GOODWILL AND INDEFINITE LIFE INTANGIBLES Goodwill and indefinite life intangibles are not subject to amortisation and are tested annually for impairment or more frequently if events or changes in circumstance indicate that they might be impaired. Non-financial assets other than goodwill and indefinite life intangibles are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. The Group conducts an annual internal review of asset values, which is used as a source of information to assess for any indicators of impairment. External factors, such as changes in expected future processes, technology and economic conditions, are also monitored to assess for indicators of impairment. If any impairment indicators exist, an estimate of the asset’s recoverable amount is calculated. An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. Recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less cost of disposal and value in use. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash inflows that are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets (cash-generating units). Non-financial assets other than goodwill that suffered an impairment are tested for possible reversal of the impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the impairment may have reversed. TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES These amounts represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Group prior to the end of the financial period which are unpaid and arise when the Group becomes obliged to make future payments in respect of the purchase of these goods and services. The amounts are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Amounts are unsecured and are usually paid within 60 days of recognition. INTEREST BEARING LOANS AND BORROWINGS All loans and borrowings are initially recognised at the fair value of the consideration received less directly attributable transaction costs. After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Fees paid on the establishment of loan facilities that are yield related are included as part of the carrying amount of the loans and borrowings. Borrowings are classified as current liabilities unless the Group has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the reporting date. Borrowing costs Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset (i.e., an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale) are capitalised as part of the cost of that asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period they occur. Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds. CONTINGENT LIABILITIES A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events and its existence will be confirmed only by the occurrence or nonoccurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Group, or a present obligation that arises from past events but is not recognised because it is not probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation; or the amount of the obligation cannot be measured with sufficient reliability. If the likelihood of an outflow is remote, the possible obligation is neither a provision nor a contingent liability and no disclosure is made. Contract performance guarantees issued by the parent company on behalf of the group companies are calculated based on the probability of draw down. PROVISIONS Provisions are recognised when the Group has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event for which it is probable that a transfer of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made on the amount of the obligation. When the Group expects some or all of a provision to be reimbursed, for example under an insurance contract, the reimbursement is recognised as a separate asset, but only when the reimbursement is virtually certain. The expense relating to any provision is presented in the statement of profit or loss net of any reimbursement. Provisions are measured at the present value of management’s best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the reporting date. The discount rate used to determine the present value reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. The increase in the provision resulting from the passage of time is recognised in the statement of profit or loss in finance costs. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS Short-term benefits Liabilities for wages, salaries and certain annual leave benefits expected to be settled within 12 months of the reporting date are recognised in employee benefit provisions in respect of employees’ services up to the reporting date. They are measured at the undiscounted amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled. Long-term benefits The liability for long service leave and certain annual leave benefits is recognised in the employee benefits provisions and measured as the present value of expected future payments to be made in respect Notes to the annual financial statements (continued)
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